Evaluation of Intraperitoneal and Incisional Bupivacaine or Levobupivacaine for Postoperative Analgesia in Ovariohysterectomized Dogs

Abstract:
Background : Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is the most commonly performed elective surgical procedure in companion animals. OHE offers benefits of control of population and decreased risk of potentially life-threatening diseases such as mammarian tumours and pyometra.\xa0 Traditional OHE intervention causes inflammation and pain due to trauma during organ manipulation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of intraperitoneal and incisional administration of bupivacaine (BP) or levobupivacaine (LP) on postoperative analgesia in dogs undergoing the OHE procedure. Materials, Methods & Results : A total of 24 mix-breed bitches aged between 1 - 3 years and weighed 19 - 20 kg were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups as control (n = 8), BP (n = 8) and LP group (n = 8). The animals were kept under surveillance at the hospitalisation unit of the animal hospital for one day before the elective OHE. The dogs were fasted for 12 h before the surgery, with adlib water consumption. Atropine sulphate 0.045 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously approximately 30 min before general anaesthesia. Midazolam (0.3 mg/kg) was intravenously injected into all dogs for pre-anaesthetic medication. After sedation, anaesthesia was induced with propofol (4 mg/kg, IV) and then the dogs were orotracheally intubated using cuffed endotracheal tubes. General anaesthesia was maintained by administration of 2% isoflurane. The ventral abdomen was prepared aseptically for OHE following the general anaesthesia. All animals were operated on by the same surgeon. During surgery, sprayed bupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in BP group, levobupivacaine 0.5% (4.4 mg/kg) with an equal volume of saline in LP were then applied over the ovaries, uterine broad ligaments and cervix uteri. After removal of the uterine body, either LP or BP was sprayed to left and right, or cranial and caudal parts of the abdominal cavity. Finally, the incision line was sprayed before closing the skin. The control group received only sprayed saline. \xa0The pain evaluation was carried out with modified Melbourne pain scoring scale. To determine cortisol concentrations, blood samples were taken before anaesthesia induction (baseline) and postoperative 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h. Postoperative pain scores were higher in the control group than BP and LP groups following surgery at 30 min, 1st, 4th, and 6th h. In all groups, cortisol levels increased postoperatively, whereas they decreased more rapidly in BP and LP groups. There was a steady increase at postoperative 0 min, 30 min, 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th h in the control group and at postoperative 0 min, 30 min and 1 h in BP and LP groups ( P < 0.05). Discussion : Intraperitoneal and incisional bupivacaine shows significantly superior postoperative pain management benefits after the closure of skin, compared to untreated dogs and it is also superior to lidocaine treatment at 0.5 h following the visual analogy pain assessment system. In the present study, the observation of lower pain scores in BP group at 0.5, 1, 4 and 6 h as compared to the control group was similar to findings of other studies. LP group also showed decreased pain scores at above-mentioned h without any significant difference. However, only in LP group, pain scores at 24 h were lower than postoperative pain scores. In conclusion, it is suggested that sprayed intraperitoneal and incisional BP and LP are very effective for preventing postoperative pain ovariohysterectomized dogs.
Author Listing： Musa Korkmaz;Oktay Yilmaz;Zulfukar Kadir Saritas;İbrahim Demirkan;Jerzy Jan Jaroszewski
Volume： 47
Pages： None
DOI： 10.22456/1679-9216.92570
Language： English
Journal： Acta Scientiae Veterinariae

Acta Scientiae Veterinariae

ACTA SCI VET

影响因子：0.2 是否综述期刊：否 是否OA：否 是否预警：不在预警名单内 发行时间：2002 ISSN：1678-0345 发刊频率：Tri-annual 收录数据库：SCIE/Scopus收录 出版国家/地区：BRAZIL 出版社：Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

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ASV is concerned with papers dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, clinical and internal medicine, pathology, surgery, epidemiology, immunology, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, in addition to fundamental research in physiology, biochemistry, immunochemistry, genetics, cell and molecular biology applied to the veterinary field and as an interface with public health.The submission of a manuscript implies that the same work has not been published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. The manuscripts should be first submitted online to the Editor. There are no page charges, only a submission fee.

ASV 关注 的 论文 涉及 疾病 预防 、 临床 和 内科 、 病理 学 、 外科 、 流行 病学 、 免疫 学 、 诊断 和 治疗 程序 的 各个 方面 ，细胞 和 分子 生物 学 应用 于 兽医 领域 并 作为 公共 卫生 的 接口 。提交 手稿 意味 着 同一 作品 尚未 出版 ， 也 未 考虑 在 其他 地方 出版 。稿件 应 首先 在线 提交 给 编辑 。没有 页面 费用 ， 只有 提交 费 。

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国人发稿量 1
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期刊官网 http://www.ufrgs.br/actavet/
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